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are small, annotative glosses that can be placed above or to the right of a Chinese character when writing languages with logographic characters such as Chinese or Japanese to show the pronunciation. Typically called just ruby or rubi, such annotations are used as pronunciation guides for characters that are likely to be unfamiliar to the reader. == Examples == Here is an example of Japanese ruby characters (called ''furigana'') for Tokyo (""): | |} Most ''furigana'' (Japanese ruby characters) are written with the ''hiragana'' syllabary, but ''katakana'' and ''romaji'' are also occasionally used. Alternatively, sometimes foreign words (usually English) are printed with furigana implying the meaning, and vice versa. Textbooks usually write on-readings with katakana and kun-readings with hiragana. Here is an example of the Chinese ruby characters for Beijing (""): |} In Taiwan, the syllabary used for Chinese ruby characters is ''Zhuyin fuhao'' (also known as ''Bopomofo''); in mainland China ''pinyin'' is used. Typically, zhuyin is used with a vertical traditional writing and zhuyin is written on the right side of the characters. In mainland China, horizontal script is used and ruby characters (pinyin) are written above the Chinese characters. Books with phonetic guides are popular with children and foreigners learning Chinese (especially pinyin). Here is an example of the Korean ruby characters for Korea (""): |} 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ruby character」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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